Ngaphakathi kufundo lwamagama, kuyinyani ukuba sinesiseko esifanelekileyo esiyimvelaphi okanye intsingiselo. Kodwa kukwakho nenxalenye yesichazi-magama, semofimu kunye nazo zonke iiyunithi ezenza amagama. Konke oku kuyakufanelekela ukufundelwa ukuqonda ngcono ulwimi ngalunye. Into ethi Isichazi magama.
Yiyo loo nto besingenakuyishiya loo nto, kuba xa sithetha ngentsingiselo yamagama , kufuneka siwahlalutye ukuze siqonde ngcono inxalenye nganye. Ngenxa yoko, isayensi yolwimi efana nale isenza sikwazi ukuchaza nokwahlulahlula iiyunithi zesigama. Esinye isihloko esibalulekileyo kulwimi lwethu!
Yintoni iLexicology?
Ngokubanzi, i-lexicology lisebe leelwimi, okanye icandelo elincinci leelwimi , elifunda isigama okanye isichazi-magama—oko kukuthi, iimofimu namagama ngokubanzi. Njengoko umntu ebenokulindela, imvelaphi yeli gama yisiGrike kwaye linokuguqulwa libe 'sisichazi-magama'.
Siyazi ukuba isichazi-magama sibhekisa kuwo onke amagama enza ulwimi. Ngoko ke, sithetha ngesigama solwimi kunye nala magama aqukwe kwisichazi-magama. Olu candelo lunoxanduva lokufunda, ukuhlalutya, kunye nokwahlulahlula.
Yintoni efundwa sisichazimagama?
Liyinyaniso elokuba, xa sisazi ukuba ithetha ukuthini, sele siyayazi indlela esebenza ngayo. Kodwa ukuze sicacise, siza kukuxelela ukuba i-lexicology ijongana kakhulu ne -etymology . Ewe, i-etymology ikwabandakanyiwe kuphando lwayo kuba ifuna imvelaphi yamagama kuzo zombini iingcamango. Iilwimi zembali, njengoko sisazi, ezinoxanduva lokufunda iilwimi kunye notshintsho lwazo ngokuhamba kwexesha, nazo ziyasetyenziswa kweli candelo.
Kodwa i-lexicology ikwajongana nobudlelwane phakathi kwamagama. Kwelinye icala, kukho i-onomasiology , efunda ubudlelwane phakathi kwengcinga okanye intsingiselo kunye negama okanye i-signifizer. Kwelinye icala, sifumana i-semasiology, ethetha into efanayo ne-semantics, oko kukuthi, ukufundwa kwentsingiselo yamagama. Okokugqibela, ubudlelwane be-semantics obufana ne-hyponymy, i-hypernymy, kunye ne-synonyms kunye ne-antonyms nazo ziwela ngaphakathi kwe-lexicology.
Ukusekwa kwamagama amatsha
Liyinyaniso elokuba sinokufumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga namagama okanye amagama ngokubanzi apho asuka khona. Kodwa kufuneka siqonde ukuba amagama akwiindidi ze-lexical aya kudibana ukwenza amagama amatsha. Kulapho kungena khona ukwakhiwa kolwimi kunye nokuvela kwalo , into oye wayenza amaxesha amaninzi esikolweni. Ngokufanayo, i-parasynthesis idibanisa ukwakhiwa kunye nokuvela kwalo. Konke oku kuphumela kumagama amatsha afanele ukuqondwa.
Isichazi magama
Nangona zisenokubonakala zithetha into enye, azifani ngokupheleleyo. Kule meko, sithetha nge-lexicography xa sibhekisa kwingcaciso yamagama okanye ukuhlanganiswa kwawo, njengoko kunjalo ngezichazi-magama. Ke ngoko, singatsho ukuba yintsimi yethiyori ngakumbi, enoxanduva lokuhlanganisa ezi zichazi-magama. Nangona inemiba yethiyori kunye neyokusebenza, imvelaphi yayo ikuchaza igama ngalinye ngendlela eqhelekileyo, ngelixa i-lexicology igxila ngakumbi kwiinkcukacha.
Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba ingqwalasela ayikokuqulunqa isichazi-magama kuphela, njengoko sele sixoxile. Ukujonga ngokusondeleyo kubonisa ukuba izichazi-magama zikwahlola isakhiwo, uhlobo, kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwamagama. Ngoko ke, izichazi-magama ziqulethe ulwazi olufana negama elichazwayo, kunye neenkcukacha malunga nemvelaphi yalo, imo , kunye nodidi lwalo.